A typical switch can have up to 48 ports. Usually, this is not the desired behavior because you end up using too many physical interfaces, and sooner or later you will run out of interfaces. An access mode switch port can belong to only one VLAN and is usually used to connect to an end-user device. The switch ports are connected to the router in access mode, and a different static VLAN is assigned to every interface. In classic networks that are using multiple VLANs, routing is performed by connecting multiple physical interfaces on the router to multiple physical interfaces on the switch.
The process of forwarding packets from a network to another is called routing and you must use a router to accomplish this. They belong to different networks, different broadcast domains and switches do not know how to forward packets from one network to another. A host belonging to a VLAN attached to a specific physical port, for example, VLAN 10 in port FastEthernet0/10 is usually not able to communicate to a host attached to another VLAN, for example, VLAN11 attached to port FastEthernet0/11.
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